Fig. 1
From: Ecosystem engineering and biodiversity in coastal sediments: posing hypotheses
Visual example of the major habitat modifying impact that can be exerted by a bioturbating endobenthic allogenic ecosystem engineer (a) and a sediment stabilising epibenthic autogenic ecosystem engineer (b). The smooth sediment surface on the mudflat was formed upon the exclusion of bioturbating lugworms (Arenicola marina) by burying a net in the sediment (a; picture courtesy of Nils Volkernborn). The presence of the cordgrass Spartina anglica causes the formation of a dome shaped tussock (b)