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Some physiological consequences of keepingMytilus edulis in the laboratory
Einige physiologische Konsequenzen bei der Hälterung vonMytilus edulis im Laboratorium
Helgoländer wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen volume 20, pages 526–552 (1970)
Kurzfassung
Bei Nahrungsmangel und unter Temperaturstreß verringerte sich in den Geweben vonMytilus edulis L. der Gehalt an Kohlehydraten und Proteinen. Diese Substanzverluste sind im Mantelgewebe größer als in den übrigen Geweben. Trotz der Gewichtsreduktion sistiert jedoch die Keimzellbildung nicht. Je stärker der Streß, um so intensiver ist der Abbau von Kohlehydraten und Proteinen, wobei zwischen Kohlehydrat- und Proteinanteil eine proportionale Beziehung erhalten bleibt. Der O2-Verbrauch nahm unter den genannten Versuchsbedingungen ab, die N2-Exkretion stieg an oder ging geringfügig zurück. Das Verhältnis von veratmetem O2 zu ausgeschiedenem N2 nahm bei allen Versuchen ab, und zwar um so stärker, je intensiver der Streß einwirkte. Daraus ist zu schließen, daß eiweiß zur Energiegewinnung verbraucht wurde. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf die Beurteilung des physiologischen Zustandes von Muschelkulturen diskutiert.
Summary
1. Nutritive and temperature stresses in experiments cause a decline in general body condition and dry weight ofMytilus edulis L. Carbohydrate and protein are lost from the body; these losses are greater from the germinal (mantle) than from the somatic (non-mantle) tissues. There is a more rapid loss of carbohydrate than of protein.M. edulis is able to maintain and continue maturation of the gametes in spite of this considerable utilisation of general body reserves.
2. The greater the degree of stress imposed on the test animals the greater is the utilisation of carbohydrate and protein. However, the mussels maintain a balance between these two components so that, at any one time, the carbohydrate to protein ratio does not differ between individuals subjected to different degrees of stress.
3. During the cultures there was a decline in oxygen consumption. Nitrogen excretion either increases or slightly decreases. The ratio oxygen consumed to nitrogen excreted declines in all experiments, indicating an increased use of protein as an energy substrate. The greater the degree of stress imposed upon the test animal, the greater the rate of decline of the O:N ratio. The values for this ratio suggest thatM. edulis normally utilises carbohydrate or fat substrates, though proteins may also be utilised in response to stress.
4. Indices of physiological condition should prove useful in determining the degrees of stress that are experienced by lamellibranchs under cultivation. In order to measure the effects of stress, knowledge of the normal seasonal variations in physiological indices is needed, to serve as a “base-line” with which induced changes in condition may be compared.
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Bayne, B.L., Thompson, R.J. Some physiological consequences of keepingMytilus edulis in the laboratory. Helgolander Wiss. Meeresunters 20, 526–552 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01609927
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01609927