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Management of closed-system marine aquariums

Betrieb geschlossener Meeresaquariensysteme

Kurzfassung

In geschlossenen Meerwasser-systemen, die mit marinen Tieren besetzt sind, verringern sich die Alkali-Reserve, der pH-Wert und der O2-Gehalt, während die Konzentration anorganischer Stickstoffverbindungen, des CO2, der Phosphate, der gelösten organischen Substanzen und der Bakterien zunimmt. Es wurde daher eine Konstruktion für ein einfaches rezirkulierendes Meerwassersystem entwickelt, das diese Veränderungen der Wasserqualität verringert und einen guten Zustand gehälteter Meerestiere gewährleistet. Dieses System wird in seinem Aufbau beschrieben. Die gewonnenen Erfahrungen haben gezeigt, daß ein Wasservolumen von 500 l und eine Wasserfiltration von 80 l/m2/min bei einem Filterbrett von 0,1 m3 (bestehend aus einer 2–5 mm dicken Schicht Mghaltigem CaCO3) für 1 kgOctopus bimaculatus, 5 kgStrongylocentrotus purpuratus oder 7 kgHomarus vulgaris zugrunde gelegt werden kann.

Summary

1. The major changes which take place in a captive body of sea water include decreases in alkaline reserve, pH, and dissolved oxygen. Inorganic nitrogen compounds, carbon dioxide, phosphates, dissolved organic compounds and bacteria increase in concentration.

2. Methods which have been applied to reduce the rates of these changes in semiclosed systems include buffers, nitrification by bacteria, ozonation, ion-exchange resins, protein foaming, ultraviolet light, microfiltration and dilution of the culture medium.

3. Design criteria for a basic culture system include, forOctopus bimaculatus: (a) 500 liters of medium per kg of animal; (b) a 0.1 m3 filter bed consisting of 2–5 mm grains of magnesium — bearing calcium carbonate; (c) a flow rate of 80 l per m2 of filter bed per min; and (d) replacement of 25% of the culture medium per month.

4. Similar systems will support heavier loads of hardier animals, e.g. up to 7 kg ofHomarus americanus.

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Goldizen, V.C. Management of closed-system marine aquariums. Helgolander Wiss. Meeresunters 20, 637–641 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01609936

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