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  • Biological And Hydrographical Consequences Of Pollution
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The influence of human activities on breeding and spawning of littoral marine bottom invertebrates

Der Einfluß menschlicher Einwirkungen auf Fortpflanzung und Laichen litoraler mariner Bodenevertebraten

Helgoländer wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen volume 17, pages 200–208 (1968)Cite this article

Kurzfassung

Die Einflüsse menschlichen Wirkens auf die Laich- und Fortpflanzungstätigkeit mariner, litorallebender Bodenevertebraten werden an Hand von Literaturbearbeitungen und eigener Forschungsergebnisse erörtert. Besondere Berücksichtigung erfahren dabei die Erwärmung lokaler Bereiche durch das Kühlwasser von Kraftwerken, chemische Wasserverunreinigung, Schiffsverkehr und größere Flüsse. Als biologische Konsequenzen, die insbesondere in flachen, teilweise eingeschlossenen Meeresgebieten ein starkes Ausmaß erreichen können, werden angeführt: (1) Veränderungen hinsichtlich des Zeitpunkts und jahreszeitlichen Ablaufs des Laichgeschäfts einheimischer Populationen; (2) Einwanderung tropischer und subtropischer Arten in lokal erwärmte Gebiete; (3) Stimulation der Gametenausschüttung außerhalb der normalen Laichzeiten; (4) Veränderungen in der normalen Sukzessionsfolge lokaler Planktonpopulationen; (5) Quantitative und qualitative Verschiebungen im planktonischen Ökosystem.

Summary

1. The influences of human activities on the breeding and spawning of marine littoral bottom invertebrates are discussed on the basis of information from literature and own results.

2. Human activities (e. g. heated effluents, chemical water pollution, ship activities, pollution of big rivers) modify living conditions and biological activities of bottom invertebrates in various ways; the major biological consequences are listed below under points 3 to 6.

3. Human activities, especially local heating, may change time and seasonal pattern of spawning in local populations; in extreme cases spawning may be completely inhibited.

4. Heated effluents may provide suitable living conditions for tropical or subtropical species originally foreign to the area and thus change the species composition of the local ecosystem.

5. Human activities may stimulate gamete shedding outside the normal season.

6. Human activities may change the normal succession of local mero-plankton forms and thus alter quantitative and qualitative interrelations between different components of the biocoenosis.

7. The detrimental effects of human activities tend to be most severe in shallow, semi-enclosed areas. Consequently, the southern North Sea represents an area which deserves particular attention.

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  1. Institute of Oceanology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, USSR

    Simon A. Mileikovsky

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Mileikovsky, S.A. The influence of human activities on breeding and spawning of littoral marine bottom invertebrates. Helgolander Wiss. Meeresunters 17, 200–208 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01611223

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Helgoland Marine Research

ISSN: 1438-3888

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