- Third Seaweed Biogeography Workshop
- Published:
Temperature responses of tropical to warm temperateCladophora species in relation to their distribution in the North Atlantic Ocean
Helgoländer Meeresuntersuchungen volume 41, pages 329–354 (1987)
Abstract
The relationship between distribution boundaries and temperature responses of some North AtlanticCladophora species (Chlorophyta) was experimentally examined under various regimes of temperature, light and daylength. Experimentally determined critical temperature intervals, in which survival, growth or reproduction was limited, were compared with annual temperature regimes (monthly means and extremes) at sites inside and outside distribution boundaries. The species tested belonged to two phytogeographic groups: (1) the tropical West Atlantic group (C. submarina: isolate from Curaçao) and (2) the amphiatlantic tropical to warm temperate group (C. prolifera: isolate from Corsica;C. coelothrix: isolates from Brittany and Curaçao; andC. laetevirens: isolates from deep and shallow water in Corsica and from Brittany). In accordance with distribution from tropical to warm temperate regions, each of the species grew well between 20–30°C and reproduction and growth were limited at and below 15°C. The upper survival limit in long days was <35°C in all species but high or maximum growth rates occurred at 30°C.C. prolifera, restricted to the tropical margins, had the most limited survival at 35°C. Experimental evidence suggests thatC. submarina is restricted to the Caribbean and excluded from the more northerly American mainland and Gulf of Mexico coasts by sporadic low winter temperatures in the nearshore waters, when cold northerly weather penetrates far south every few years. Experimental evidence suggests thatC. prolifera, C. coelothrix andC. laetevirens are restricted to their northern European boundaries by summer temperatures too low for sufficient growth and/or reproduction. Their progressively more northerly located boundaries were accounted for by differences in growth rates over the critical 10–15°C interval.C. prolifera andC. coelothrix are excluded or restricted in distribution on North Sea coasts by lethal winter temperatures, again differences in cold tolerance accounting for differences in their distribution patterns. On the American coast, species were probably restricted by lethal winter temperatures in the nearshore and, in some cases, by the absence of suitable hard substrates in the more equable offshore waters. Isolates from two points along the European coast (Brittany, Corsica) ofC. laetevirens showed no marked differences in their temperature tolerance but the Caribbean and European isolates ofC. coelothrix differed markedly in their tolerance to low temperatures, the lethal limit of the Caribbean isolate lying more than 5°C higher (at ca 5°C).
Literature Cited
Ardré, F., 1970. Contribution à l’étude des algues marines du Portugal. I. La flore. — Port. Acta biol. (B)10, 1–423.
Börgesen, F., 1925. Marine algae from the Canary Islands. I. Chlorophyceae. — Biol. Meddr5 (3), 3–123.
Cambridge, M. L., Breeman, A. M., Oosterwijk, R. van & Hoek, C. van den, 1984. Temperature responses of some North AtlanticCladophora species (Chlorophyceae) in relation to their geographic distribution. — Helgoländer Meeresunters.38, 349–363.
Cinelli, F., Drago, D., Furnari, G., Giaccone, G., Scammacca, B., Solazzi, A., Sortino, M. & Tolomio, C., 1976. Flora marina dell’ Isola di Linosa (Arcipelago delle Pelagie). — Mem. Biol. mar. Oceanogr.6, 141–172.
Conde, F., 1984. Contribucion al conocimiento de la flora algal bentonica del Mar de Alboran Isles Chafarinas. — Acta bot. Malacitana9, 41–46.
Cormaci, M. & Furnari, G., 1979. Flora algale marina della Sicilia orientale: Rhodophyceae, Phaeophyceae e Chlorophyceae. — Inf. bot. ital.11, 221–250.
Diannelidis, T., Haritonidis, S. & Tsekos, I., 1977. Contribution à l’étude des peuplements des algues benthiques de quelques régions de l’île de Rhodos, Grèce. — Botanica mar.20, 205–226.
Donze, M., 1968. The algal vegetation of the Ria de Arosa (NW Spain). — Blumea16, 159–183.
Earle, S. A., 1969. Phaeophyta of the eastern Gulf of Mexico. — Phycologia7, 71–254.
Feldmann, J., 1946. La flora marine des Îles Atlantides. — Mém. Soc. Biogéogr.8, 395–435.
Gayral, P., 1958. Algues de la côte Atlantique Marocaine. Soc. Sci. nat. Phys. Maroc, Rabat, 523 pp.
Gil-Rodriguez, M. C. & Alfonso-Carillo, J., 1980. Catálogo de las algas marinas bentónicas (Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta y Rhodophyta) para El Archipielago Canario. — Acta Aula de Cultura de Tenerife2, 1–47.
Glynn, P. W., 1985. El Niño-associated disturbance to coral reefs and post-disturbance mortality byAcanthaster planci. — Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.26, 295–300.
Gorshkov, S. G., 1978. World ocean atlas. 2: Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
Guiry, M. D., 1978. A consensus and bibliography of Irish seaweeds. Cramer, Vaduz, 287 pp. (Bibliotheca Phycologia 44.)
Hoek, C. van den, 1963. Revision of the European species ofCladophora. Brill, Leiden, 248 pp.
Hoek, C. van den, 1979. The phytogeography ofCladophora (Chlorophyceae) in the northern Atlantic Ocean, in comparison to that of other benthic algal species. — Helgoländer wiss. Meeresunters.32, 374–393.
Hoek, C. van den, 1982a. The distribution of benthic marine algae in relation to the temperature regulation of their life histories. — Biol. J. Linn. Soc.18, 81–144.
Hoek, C. van den, 1982b. A taxonomic revision of the American species ofCladophora (Chlorophyceae) in the North Atlantic Ocean and their geographic distribution. North Holland Publ. Comp., Amsterdam, 236 pp.
Hoek, C. van den, 1982c. Phytogeographic distribution groups of benthic marine algae in the North Atlantic Ocean. A review of experimental evidence from life history studies. — Helgoländer Meeresunters.35, 153–214.
Hoek, C. van den, Breeman, A. M., Bak, R. P. M. & Buurt, G. van, 1978. The distribution of algae, corals and gorgonians in relation to depth, light attenuation, water movement and grazing pressure in the fringing coral reef of Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles. — Aquat. Bot.5, 1–46.
Hoek, C. van den & Womersley, H. B. S., 1984. GenusCladophora Kütz. 1843. In: The marine benthic flora of southern Australia. Ed. by H. B. S. Womersley. Woolmann, Government Printer, South Australia,1, 185–215.
Humm, H. J., 1979. The marine algae of Virginia. Univ. Press, Charlottesville, Va, 263 pp.
Hutchins, L. W., 1947. The bases for temperature zonation in geographical distribution. — Ecol. Monogr.17, 325–335.
Kapraun, D. F., 1978. Field and culture studies on growth and reproduction ofCallithamnion byssoides (Rhodophyta, Ceramiales) in North Carolina. — J. Phycol.14, 21–24.
Kapraun, D. F. & Zechman, F. W., 1982. Seasonality and vertical zonation of benthic marine algae on a North Carolina coastal jetty. — Bull., mar. Sci.32, 702–714.
Kristiansen, A., 1972. A seasonal study of the marine algal vegetation in Tuborg Harbour, the Sound, Denmark. — Bot. Tidsskr.67, 201–244.
Kristiansen, A., 1981. Seasonal occurrence ofScytosiphon lomentaria (Scytosiphonales, Fucophyceae) in relation to environmental factors. — Proc. int. Seaweed Symp.10, 321–326.
Larcher, W., 1981. Effects of low temperature stress and frost injury on plant productivity. In: Physiological processes limiting plant productivity. Ed. by C. B. Johnson. Butterworth, London, 253–267.
Lawson, G. W. & John, D. M., 1977. The marine flora of the Cap Blanc Peninsula: its distribution and affinities. — Bot. J. Linn. Soc.75, 99–118.
Lawson, G. W. & John, D. M., 1982. The marine algae and coastal environment of tropical West Africa. — Nova Hedwigia (Beih.)70, 1–455.
Le Laboratoire de l’I.S.T.P.M. de Roscoff, 1976. Température et salinité de l’eau de mer au large de Roscoff au cours des années 1959 à 1970. — Trav. Stat. biol. Roscoff23 (34), 31–39.
Levring, T., 1974. The marine algae of the Archipelago of Madeira. — Bolm Mus. munic Funchal28, 5–111.
Lipkin, Y. & Safriel, U., 1971. Intertidal zonation on rocky shores at Mikhmoret (Mediterranean, Israel). — J. Ecol.59, 1–29.
Lüning, K., 1985. Meeresbotanik. Thieme, Stuttgart, 375 pp.
McIntyre, A. & Kipp, N. G., 1976. Glacial North Atlantic 18.000 years ago: a CLIMAP reconstruction. — Mem. geol. Soc. Am.145, 43–76.
McLachlan, J. & Bird, C. J., 1984. Geographical and experimental assessment of the distribution ofGracilaria species (Rhodophyta: Gigartinales) in relation to temperature. — Helgoländer Meeresunters.38, 319–334.
Meñez, E. G. & Mathieson, A. C., 1981. The marine algae of Tunesia. — Smithson. Contr. mar. Sci.10, 1–59.
Neill, F. X., 1978. Catálogo florÃstico y fenológico de las algas superiores y cianofÃceas bentónicas de las RÃas Bajas Gallegas. — Investigación pesq.42, 365–400.
Peckol, P. & Searles, R. B., 1984. Temporal and spatial patterns of growth and survival of invertebrate and algal populations of a North Carolina continental shelf community. — Estuar. coast. Shelf Sci.18, 133–143.
Perez-Cirera, J. L., 1975. Catálogo florÃstico de las algas bentónicas de la Ria de Corme y Lage, NO de España. — An. Inst. bot. Cavanillo32, 5–87.
Sakai, Y., 1964. The species ofCladophora from Japan and its vicinity. — Scient. Pap. Inst. algol. Res., Hokkaido Univ.5 (1), 1–104.
Schneider, C. W., 1976. Spatial and temporal distributions of benthic marine algae on the continental shelf of the Carolinas. — Bull. mar. Sci.26, 133–151.
Shackleton, N. J., 1984. Oxygen isotope evidence for cenozoic climatic changes. In: Fossils and climate. Ed. by P. J. Brenchley. Wiley, Chichester, 27–34.
Sourie, R., 1954. Contribution à l’étude écologique des côtes rocheuses du Sénégal. — Mém. Inst. fr. Afr. noire38, 1–342.
U. S. Navy, 1974. Marine climatic atlas of the world. Vol. 1. North Atlantic Ocean. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington D. C.
U. S. Navy, 1981. Marine climatic atlas of the world. Vol. 9. World-wide means and standard deviations. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington D. C.
Walker, N. D., Roberts, H. H., Rouse, L. J. & Huh, O. K., 1982. Thermal history of reef-accociated environments during a record cold-air outbreak event. — Coral Reefs1, 83–87.
Weigel, H.-P., 1978. Temperature and salinity observations from Helgoland Reede in 1976. — Annls biol., Copenh.33, 35.
Weisscher, F. C. M., 1983. Marine algae from Selvagem Pequena (Salvage Islands). — Bolm Mus. munic Funchal35, 41–80.
Wilkinson, M. & Tittley, I., 1979. The marine algae of Elie, Scotland: a re-assessment. — Botanica mar.22, 249–256.
Yarish, C., Breeman, A. M. & Hoek, C. van den, 1984. Temperature, light and photoperiod responses of some northeast American and west European endemic rhodophytes in relation to their geographic distribution. — Helgoländer Meeresunters.38, 273–304.
Yarish, C., Breeman, A. M. & Hoek, C. van den, 1986. Survival strategies and temperature responses of seaweeds belonging to different biogeographic distribution groups. — Botanica mar.29, 215–230.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cambridge, M.L., Breeman, A.M., Kraak, S. et al. Temperature responses of tropical to warm temperateCladophora species in relation to their distribution in the North Atlantic Ocean. Helgolander Meeresunters 41, 329–354 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02366197
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02366197