Macroparasite community in molluscs of a tidal basin in the Wadden Sea

Table 3 Intermediate and final hosts of trematode species found in the molluscs of the List tidal basin

Trematode species	1st int. hosts	2nd int. host	Final host
Microphallidae
Microphallus claviformis	Hydrobia	Crustaceans	Birds
Microphallus pygmaeus	Littorina	Littorina^a	Birds
Maritrema subdolum	Hydrobia	Crustaceans	Birds
Maritrema gratiosum	Hydrobia	Crustaceans	Birds
Levinseniella brachysoma	Hydrobia	Crustaceans	Birds
Echinostomatidae
Himasthla elongata	Littorina	Bivalves	Birds
Himasthla continua	Hydrobia	Bivalves	Birds
Himasthla interrupta	Hydrobia	Bivalves	Birds
Heterophyidae
Cryptocotyle concavum	Hydrobia	Fish	Birds, seals
Cryptocotyle jejuna	Hydrobia	Fish	Birds, seals
Cryptocotyle lingua	Littorina	Fish	Birds, seals
Notocotylidae
Cercaria ephemera	Hydrobia	None^b	Birds
Cercaria lebouri	Littorina	None^b	Birds
Psilostomatidae
Psilostomum brevicolle	Hydrobia	Bivalves	Birds
Psilochasmus aglyptorchis	Hydrobia	Hydrobia ^a	Birds
Acanthocolpidae
Deropristis inflata	Hydrobia	Polychaetes	Fish
Cryptogonomidae
spec.	Hydrobia	Probably fish	Probably fish
Renicolidae
Renicola roscovita	Littorina	Bivalves	Birds
Gymnophallidae
Meiogymnophallus minutus	Scrobicularia	Bivalves	Birds
Gymnophallus gibberosus	Macoma	Bivalves	Birds
Gymnophallus choledochus	Cerastoderma	Cerastoderma ^aor polychaetes	Birds
Lacunovermis macomae	Macoma	Macoma	Birds
Parvatrema affinis	Macoma	Macoma ^a	Birds
Monorchidae
Monorchis parvus	Cerastoderma	Cerastoderma ^a	Fish
Bucephalidae
Labratrema minimus	Cerastoderma	Fish	Fish
Opecoelidae
Podocotyle atomon	Littorina	Crustaceans	Fish

^aCercariae develop into metacercariae in the same host individual
^bCercariae encyst outside the host
Data from: Loos-Frank 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971a, b; Werding 1969; Reimer 1970; Lauckner 1971, 1980, 1983; Maillard 1975; Sannia et al. 1978; Deblock 1980; Bowers et al. 1996; Bartoli et al. 2000

ISSN: 1438-3888