An ecological model of the artificial ecosystem (northern Hangzhou Bay, China): analysis of ecosystem structure and fishing impacts

Table 1 Sources of input data values and literatures of Ecopath model of large-scale sea area enclosure in northern Hangzhou Bay

Groups name	B_i (t km⁻²)	P_i/B_i (year⁻¹)	Q_i/B_i (year⁻¹)	Source (or derived from)
1 Phytoplankton	14.16^a	118.20^b	–	Own estimated based on Parson et al. (1984)^a; Liu et al. (2001)^b
2 Macrophytes	32.60^a	7.50^b	–	Own estimate^a; Vega-Cendejas (2003)^b
3 Herbivorous zooplankton	14.80^a	86.00^b	280.00^b	Own estimate^a; Vega-Cendejas (2003)^b
4 Carnivorous zooplankton	6.00^a	25.00^b	89.00^b	Own estimate^a; Vega-Cendejas (2003)^b
5 Infauna	14.15^a	4.00^b	20.00^b	Own estimate^a; Lin et al. (1999)^b
6 Mollusca	6.82^a	1.75^b	14.00^b	Own estimate^a; Tong et al. (2000)^b
7 Shrimps	3.15^a	1.84^b	24.40^b	Own estimate^a; Tong et al. (2000)^b
8 Crabs	1.50^a	2.12^b	8.48^b	Own estimate^a; Manickchand-Heileman et al. (2004)^b
9 Herbivorous fish	1.21^a	1.32^b	12.00^c	Own estimate^a; based on Fishbase (Froese and Pauly 2004)^b; estimated by empirical formula (Palomares and Pauly1998)^c
10 Zooplanktivorous fish	1.25^a	1.28^b	7.50^c	Own estimate^a; based on Fishbase (Froese and Pauly 2004)^b; estimated by empirical formula (Palomares and Pauly 1998)^c
11 Benthic-feeding fish	1.21^a	1.22^b	5.89^c	Own estimate^a; based on Fishbase (Froese and Pauly 2004)^b; estimated by empirical formula (Palomares and Pauly 1998)^c
12 Piscivorous fish	0.41^a	0.90^b	6.00^c	Own estimate^a; based on Fishbase (Froese and Pauly 2004)^b; estimated by empirical formula (Palomares and Pauly 1998)^c
13 Detritus	10.00^a	–	–	Estimated by empirical formula (Christensen and Pauly 1993)^a

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