Table 1 Comparison of relevant morphological characters of the zoeal stages of L. seticaudata, L. galapagensis, and L. moorei
Features | L. galapagensis present study (1); Gopalakrishnan and Laurs 1971 (2) | L. moorei present study | L. seticaudata Calado et al. 2004 |
|---|---|---|---|
Distribution area | E Pacific | SW Atlantic | NE Atlantic |
Number of zoeal stages | 8–9 | 8–9 | 9 |
ZI, total length, mm | 2.46–2.89 (1) | 2.77–2.81 | 3.09–3.24 |
ZI, carapace length, mm | 0.92–1.00 (1) | 0.92–0.96 | 0.98–1.03 |
ZI, rostrum length, mm | 0.35–0.42 (1) | 0.42 | 0.46 |
ZIV, total length, mm | 4.14–4.63 (1) | 3.44–3.66 | 3.12–3.22 |
ZIV, carapace length, mm | 1.61–2.15 (1) | 1.13–1.29 | 1.04–1.08 |
ZIV, rostrum length, mm | 0.92–1.35 (1) | 0.54–0.70 | 0.31 |
ZVII, total length, mm | 8.24–8.48 (1) | NA | 4.47–4.79 |
ZVII, carapace length, mm | 4.08–4.32 (1) | NA | 1.40–1.56 |
ZVII, rostrum length, mm | 2.80–3.04 (1) | NA | 0.43–0.54 |
Last Z, total length, mm | 16.10–20 (2) | 7.81–9.35 | 6.40–6.80 |
Last Z, carapace length, mm | 2.12–3.40 (2) | 3.85–4.84 | 2.00–2.20 |
Last Z, rostrum length, mm | 6.13–7.00 (2) | 2.31–3.19 | 0.72–0.96 |
Carapace | |||
ZI, marginal denticles | 4 (1) | 4–5 | 6 |
ZIV, marginal denticles | 3–4 (1) | 2–3 | 3 |
ZVII, marginal denticles | 0 (1) | NA | 0 |
Last, marginal denticles | 0 (2) | 0 | 0 |
Rostrum | |||
ZIV, number of spines | 5–6 (1) | 0 | 0 |
ZVII, number of spines | 7 (1) | NA | 0 |
Last, number of spines | 7–8 (2) | 7–9 | 1–2 |
Antenna | |||
Scaphocerite, absence of segments | ZIV (1) | ZIV | ZIV |
First pereiopod | |||
Biramous bud/functional | ZI (1)/ZII (1) | ZI/ZII | ZI/ZII |
Second pereiopod | |||
Very small biramous bud | ZII (1) | ZII | ND |
Biramous bud | ZIII (1) | ZIII | ZIII |
Functional | ZIV (1) | ZIV | ZIV |
Third pereiopod | |||
Very small biramous bud | ZIV (1) | ZIV | ND |
Biramous bud | ZV (1) | NA | ZV |
Functional | ZVI (1) | NA | ZVI |
Fourth pereiopod | |||
Very small biramous bud | – | NA | ND |
Biramous bud | ZV (1) | NA | ZV |
Functional | ZVI (1) | NA | ZVI |
Fifth pereiopod | |||
Uniramous bud/functional | ZI (1)/ZII (1) | ZI/ZII | ZI/ZII |
Pleon | |||
3rd pleomere: dorsal anteriorly curved spine | ZIV–ZVII (1) | Absent | Absent |
5th pleomere: one pair of dorso-lateral spines | ZI–ZV (1) | ZI–ZIV | ZI–ZII |
5th pleomere: small dorsal spines | ZI: 3–4; ZII: 0–2; ZIII: 0 (1) | ZI: 3–4; ZII: 1–2; ZIII: 0 | Absent |
Pleopods | |||
Small buds | ZVI (1) | NA | ZVI |
Biramous buds | – | NA | ZVII |
Endopod as bud, exopod with setae | ZVII (1) | NA | ZVIII |
With appendix interna | ZVIII (2) | Last (ZVIII or IX) | ZIX |