Table 3 Number of specimens (N) and total and mean estimated weight (eW) of each cephalopod species identified from the stomach contents of large pelagic predators caught in the central Mediterranean (SWO = Swordfish; BFT = Bluefin tuna; ALB = Albacore; MSP = Mediterranean spearfish), together mean values of beak size in mm (LRL or LHL)
Superorder and order | Family | Cephalopod species | SWO | BFT | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | LRL/LHL (mm) | eW (g) | N | LRL/LHL (mm) | eW (g) | |||||||||
Mean | SD | Tot | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Tot | Mean | SD | |||||
Octopodiformes | ||||||||||||||
Octopoda | Octopodidae | Eledone cirrhosa | 1 | – | – | 2.1 | – | – | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  |
Pteroctopus tetracirrhus | 3 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 5.2 | 1.7 | 0.1 | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | ||
Scaeurgus unicirrhus | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | ||
Argonautidae | Argonauta argo | 14 | 2.5 | 1.2 | 124.3 | 8.9 | 11.9 | 4 | 3.8 | 0.9 | 86.9 | 21.7 | 12.0 | |
Ocythoidae | Ocythoe tuberculata | 11 | 2.9 | 1.9 | 96.4 | 8.8 | 8.2 | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | |
Tremoctopodidae | Tremoctopus violaceus | 19 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 4,979.8 | 262.1 | 901.1 | 48 | 2.5 | 1.3 | 5,502.0 | 114.6 | 348.0 | |
Decapodiformes | ||||||||||||||
Oegopsida | Brachioteuthidae | Brachioteuthis riisei | 6 | 2.4 | 0.4 | 38.8 | 6.5 | 2.7 | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â |
Chiroteuthidae | Chiroteuthis veranyi | 19 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 177.8 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 1 | – | – | 82.3 | – | – | |
Cranchiidae | Galiteuthis armata | 16 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 178.1 | 11.1 | 17.4 | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | |
Ancistrocheiridae | Ancistrocheirus lesueurii | 3 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 515.7 | 171.9 | 296.8 | 1 | – | – | 1.0 | – | – | |
Enoploteuthidae | Abralia veranyi | 4 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 8.7 | 2.2 | 1.2 | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | |
Histioteuthidae | Histioteuthis bonnellii | 13 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 393.9 | 30.3 | 21.3 | 1 | – | – | 247.4 | – | – | |
Histioteuthis reversa | 19 | 2.9 | 0.6 | 1,041.7 | 54.8 | 24.6 | 3 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 126.4 | 42.1 | 35.5 | ||
Octopoteuthidae | Octopoteuthis cfr sicula | 1 | – | – | 935.3 | – | – | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | |
Ommastrephidae | Illex coindetii | 103 | 3.7 | 1.2 | 9,916.1 | 96.3 | 62.4 | 4 | 2.9 | 1.4 | 243.3 | 60.8 | 55.6 | |
Ommastrephes bartrami | 35 | 4.1 | 2.5 | 5,635.0 | 161.0 | 253.0 | 4 | 5.1 | 3.3 | 976.4 | 244.1 | 319,3 | ||
Todarodes sagittatus | 315 | 3.8 | 1.6 | 43,923.1 | 139.4 | 138.0 | 26 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 988.5 | 38.0 | 50.9 | ||
Todaropsis eblanae | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 2 | 3.7 | – | 273.8 | 136.9 | – | ||
Onychoteuthidae | Ancistroteuthis lichtensteinii | 202 | 2.9 | 1.1 | 10,397.5 | 51.5 | 57.7 | 9 | 2.7 | 1.4 | 434.6 | 48.3 | 59.4 | |
Onychoteuthis banksii | 71 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 885.7 | 12.5 | 27.0 | 17 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 468.0 | 27.5 | 45.3 | ||
Thysanoteuthidae | Thysanoteuthis rhombus | 5 | 5.4 | 4.1 | 40,100.8 | 8,020.2 | 12,521.8 | 1 | – | – | 5,091.2 | – | – | |
Myopsida | Loliginidae | Alloteuthis subulata | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â |
Sepioidea | Sepiolidae | Heteroteuthis dispar | 172 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 224.9 | 1.3 | 3.3 | 10 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 9.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
Total cephalopods per predator | 1,032 | Â | Â | 119,580.8 | Â | Â | 131 | Â | Â | 14,531.2 | Â | Â | ||
Superorder and order | Family | Cephalopod species | ALB | MSP | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | LRL/LHL (mm) | eW (g) | N | LRL/LHL (mm) | eW (g) | |||||||||
Mean | SD | Tot | Mean | SD | Â | Mean | SD | Tot | Mean | SD | ||||
Octopodiformes | ||||||||||||||
Octopoda | Octopodidae | Eledone cirrhosa | 1 | – | – | 2.7 | – | – | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  |
Pteroctopus tetracirrhus | 64 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 99.1 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | ||
Scaeurgus unicirrhus | 30 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 45.1 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | ||
Argonautidae | Argonauta argo | 18 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 51.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 11 | 2.1 | 0.9 | 193.4 | 17.6 | 13.0 | |
Ocythoidae | Ocythoe tuberculata | 7 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 10.3 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | |
Tremoctopodidae | Tremoctopus violaceus | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 14 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 710.8 | 50.8 | 71.9 | |
Decapodiformes | ||||||||||||||
Oegopsida | Brachioteuthidae | Brachioteuthis riisei | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â |
Chiroteuthidae | Chiroteuthis veranyi | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | |
Cranchiidae | Galiteuthis armata | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | |
Ancistrocheiridae | Ancistrocheirus lesueurii | 8 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 9.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 4 | 4.4 | 1.8 | 967.5 | 241.9 | 243.6 | |
Enoploteuthidae | Abralia veranyi | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | |
Histioteuthidae | Histioteuthis bonnellii | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 7 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 156.1 | 22.3 | 21.9 | |
Histioteuthis reversa | 1 | – | – | 142.6 | – | – | 4 | 2.8 | 0.6 | 192.6 | 48.1 | 21.3 | ||
Octopoteuthidae | Octopoteuthis cfr sicula | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | |
Ommastrephidae | Illex coindetii | 32 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 364.5 | 11.4 | 24.1 | 13 | 2.7 | 1.6 | 735.8 | 56.6 | 55.0 | |
Ommastrephes bartrami | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | ||
Todarodes sagittatus | 221 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 1,086.4 | 4.9 | 6.9 | 3 | 2.3 | 1.2 | 100.2 | 33.4 | 27.7 | ||
Todaropsis eblanae | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | ||
Onychoteuthidae | Ancistroteuthis lichtensteini | 91 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 502.9 | 5.5 | 18.5 | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | |
Onychoteuthis banksii | 181 | 1.1 | 0.5 | 1,101.3 | 6.1 | 12.8 | 1 | – | – | 132.1 | – | – | ||
Thysanoteuthidae | Thysanoteuthis rhombus | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â | |
Myopsida | Loliginidae | Alloteuthis subulata | 2 | 0.8 | – | 7.7 | 3.9 | – | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  |
Sepioidea | Sepiolidae | Heteroteuthis dispar | 1,220 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 1,083.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0 | Â | Â | 0 | Â | Â |
| Â | Total cephalopods per predator | 1,876 | 4,507.3 | 57 | 3,188.4 | |||||||||