Table 5 Spatial differences in the structure of assemblages considering both species and functional group levels at the scales of area, location and site (PERMANOVA; significance level P < 0.05)
| Source | df | Species | Functional groups | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MS | Pseudo-F | P | MS | Pseudo-F | P | ||
| Area | 1 | 6,317.300 | 0.919 | 0.538 | 4,646.800 | 0.856 | 0.575 |
| Location (Re) | 8 | 6,874.100 | 1.625 | 0.002 | 5,428.800 | 1.855 | 0.010 |
| Site (Lo (Re)) | 20 | 4,230.900 | 1.691 | 0.001 | 2,927.000 | 1.627 | 0.001 |
| Residual | 60 | 2,502.400 | 1,799.100 | ||||
| Total | 89 | ||||||