Table 1 The effects of species, feeding area and season on the body size, condition factor (CF), lipid content (%), total thiamine concentration (nmol g−1), the proportions of fatty acids (FAs) and their sums of sprat and herring caught in the Baltic Proper (BPr), Bothnian Sea (BS) and Gulf of Finland (GoF) in autumn and spring, tested by MANOVA and least squares means post hoc analysis (Lsmeans) for significant differences between the means
Variable | Species | Area | Season | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MANOVA p < | Lsmeans p < 0.05 | MANOVA p < | Lsmeans p < 0.05 | MANOVA p < | Lsmeans p < 0.05 | |
Body weight | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
Body length | ns | ns | ns | ns | ||
CF | 0.001 | GoF < BPr, BS | 0.001 | Spring < autumn | ||
Lipid | 0.001 | Herring < sprat | 0.001 | GoF < BPr < BS | 0.001 | Spring < autumn |
Total thiamine | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns |
Saturated FAs (SFA) | ||||||
14:0 | 0.001 | Sprat < herring | 0.05 | BS < BPr; GoF = BPr, BS | 0.01 | Autumn < spring |
16:0 | ns | ns | 0.05 | GoF < BPr; BS = BPr, GoF | 0.001 | Autumn < spring |
17:0 | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns |
18:0 | 0.05 | Herring < sprat | ns | BS < GoF; BPr = BS, GoF | 0.01 | Autumn < spring |
SFA | ns | ns | ns | GoF < BPr; BS = BPr, GoF | 0.001 | Autumn < spring |
Monounsaturated FAs (MUFA) | ||||||
16:1n-7 | 0.05 | Sprat < herring | 0.05 | GoF < BS; BPr = BS, GoF | ns | ns |
17:1n-8 | 0.001 | Herring < sprat | ns | ns | ns | ns |
18:1n-7 | 0.001 | Sprat < herring | 0.01 | GoF < BS; BPr = BS, GoF | 0.001 | Autumn < spring |
18:1n-9 | 0.001 | Herring < sprat | ns | ns | ns | ns |
20:1n-9 | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns |
MUFA | 0.001 | Herring < sprat | ns | ns | ns | ns |
Polyunsaturated FAs (PUFA) | ||||||
18:2n-6 | 0.001 | Sprat < herring | 0.01 | BPr, GoF < BS; BPr = GoF | ns | ns |
18:3n-3 | ns | ns | 0.05 | GoF, BPr < BS; BPr = GoF | 0.001 | Spring < autumn |
20:2n-6 | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns |
20:4n-6 (ARA) | 0.01 | Sprat < herring | ns | ns | 0.001 | Autumn < spring |
20:5n-3 (EPA) | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns |
22:5n-3 | ns | ns | ns | GoF < BS; BPr = GoF, BS | 0.001 | Spring < autumn |
22:6n-3 (DHA) | ns | ns | 0.001 | BS < BPr, GoF; BPr = GoF | 0.001 | Autumn < spring |
PUFA | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns |
n-3 PUFA | ns | ns | 0.05 | BS < BPr, GoF; BPr = GoF | 0.05 | Autumn < spring |
n-6 PUFA | 0.001 | Sprat < herring | 0.01 | BPr, GoF < BS; BPr = GoF | ns | ns |
n-3/n-6 | 0.05 | Herring < sprat | 0.01 | BS < BPr, GoF; BPr = GoF | 0.05 | Autumn < spring |