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Table 2 Established NIS of polychaetes in the Iberian Peninsula

From: Non-indigenous species (NIS) of polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of the Iberian Peninsula: an annotated checklist

Taxa NOR Stage in the invasion process Native origin Pathway References
PT SUD ESAL LEBA
Ampharetidade         
Isolda pulchella Müller in Grube, 1858   D2     Warm Western Atlantic Uk [145, 168]
Capitellidae         
Notomastus aberans Day, 1957     C3 D2 Warm Eastern Atlantic BW [169, 170]
Eunicidae         
Lysidice collaris Grube, 1870     C1 D2 Tropical Indo-West Pacific Uk [135, 171]
Fabriciidae         
Novafabricia infratorquata (Fitzhugh, 1973) C1     D2 Warm Western Atlantic Aq [172, 173]
Goniadidae         
Goniadella gracilis (Verrill, 1873)   D2     Cold-Temperate Western North Atlantic BW [145, 168]
Hesionidae         
Parasyllidea humesi Pettibone, 1961    D2    Warm Eastern Atlantic Uk [174]
Nereididae         
Perinereis linea (Treadwell, 1936)      C3 Cold-Temperate Western North Pacific Bt [113]
Phyllodocidae         
Hesionura serrata (Hartmann-Schröder, 1960)      C3 Tropical Indo-West Pacific Ls [175]
Sabellidae         
Amphicorina pectinata (Banse, 1957) C3    C3   New Zealand-Australian BW [88, 176]
Branchiomma bairdi (McIntosh, 1885)      E Warm Western Atlantic HF [82]
Branchiomma luctuosum (Grube, 1869)      D2 Tropical Indo-West Pacific HF [81]
Desdemona ornata Banse, 1957 D2 D2     Warm Eastern Atlantic BW [177, 178]
Serpulidae         
Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Fauvel, 1923) E D2 E   E Warm Western Pacific HF [92, 179,180,181]
Hydroides dirampha Mörch, 1863      C3 Warm Western Atlantic HF [182]
Spirorbis marioni Caullery & Mesnil, 1897      C3 Warm Eastern Pacific HF [183]
Spionidae         
Boccardia proboscidea Hartman, 1940 C3      Cold-Temperate Eastern North Pacific BW [166]
Dipolydora socialis (Schmarda, 1861) C3      Cold-Temperate South American Aq [99]
Dipolydora tentaculata (Blake & Kudenov, 1978) C3      Cold-Temperate Eastern North Pacific Uk [87]
Polydora colonia Moore, 1907     C3   Warm Western Atlantic BW [184]
Polydora cornuta Bosc, 1802   C1    C3 Warm Western Atlantic BW [103, 120]
Prionospio pulchra Imajima, 1990 E C3     Cold-Temperate Western North Pacific Aq [97, 98]
Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata (Okuda, 1937) E D2     Cold-Temperate Western North Pacific BW [101, 185]
Terebellidae         
Pista unibranchia Day, 1963 C1     D2 Warm Eastern Atlantic BW [99, 186]
  1. Atlantic demarcations: NOR, PT, SUD; Mediterranean demarcations: ESAL, LEB. Abbreviattions for demarcations as in Fig. 1; Stages in the invasion process as in Table 1
  2. Pathway: Aq aquaculture; Bt bait commerce; BW ship ballast water; HF ship hull fouling; Ls Lessepsian migrant; Uk unknown
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Helgoland Marine Research

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