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Table 1 Maturity stage assessment definitions for male and female whelk using visual assessment methods.

From: Timing of the reproductive cycle of waved whelk, Buccinum undatum, on the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Bight

Stage

Male

Female

Mature

Immature (I)

No obvious differentiation between digestive gland and gonad (testis). Vas deferens invisible

No obvious differentiation between digestive gland and gonad (ovary)

0

Developing (II)

Some visible differentiation between the anterior edge of digestive gland and gonad (testis), possibly a visible vas deferens

Some visible differentiation between the anterior edge of digestive gland and gonad (ovary), possibly a visible pallial oviduct

1

Mature (III)

Full differentiation between digestive gland and gonad (testis) obvious, visible vas deferens in males

Fully differentiation between digestive gland and gonad (ovary), visible enlarged pallial oviduct

1