Benthic community establishment on different concrete mixtures introduced to a German deep-water port

Table 4 Results of Permanova on square root transformed coverage data showing differences in macrofauna and algal communities between different sides (Top vs Front vs. Back)

Source	df	SS	MS	Pseudo-F	P(perm)	Unique perms
Sides	2	23,183	11,592	27.763	0.0001**	9940
Mixture	4	2094	523.5	1.2539	0.275	9929
Sides × mixture	8	1603.3	200.41	0.48002	0.955	9923
Res	24	10,020	417.52
Total	38	38,455

No differences were present for mixtures (M1–M5). Analysis implies no interaction between side effect and mixtures effect. Meaning that the effect within side and mixtures is the same within the tested groups
df degrees of freedom, SS sum of squares, MS mean sum of squares, Pseudo F pseudo-F ratio. Significance levels P(perm) are based on 9999 permutations (significance levels: *significant (p ≤ 0.05), **highly significant (p ≤ 0.005)). Unique perms indicate how many unique values of the test statistic were obtained under permutation

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