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This last paper of the 14th European Marine Biology Symposium refers to organizational aspects of the meeting; provides a summary of the papers presented in this volume; and attempts to draw conclusions. The s...
The annual 45,000 t harvest of six marine plant taxa, consisting principally of the algaChondrus crispus, is worth $ 5 million annually to maritime fishermen. The harvesting techniques enable capture of associate...
One hundred years ago the striped bassMorone saxatilis was introduced in the San Francisco Bay estuarine system from the east coast of the United States. It was part of our national policy at the time to transpla...
Marine fish and shellfish constitute important natural resources. Provided they are wisely exploited, they are not liable to exhaustion but continue to renew themselves. Wise exploitation requires sound manage...
The coral world of the northern Red Sea, situated along the shallow waters of the Sinai Peninsula, has been intensively investigated by Israeli scientists during the last decade. Many aspects of these investig...
The Wadden Sea situated along the North Sea coasts of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany and The Netherlands represents one of the world's largest bar-built type of estuaries. The area is a typical sedim...
Since 1973, monitoring for selected trace heavy metals has been performed in the German Bight (North Sea) and the western Baltic Sea. This paper deals with a set of filtered and unfiltered samples from a netwo...
Various physiological and biochemical methods have been proposed for assessing the effects of environmental perturbation on aquatic organisms. The success of these methods as diagnostic tools has, however, bee...
A major problem facing those who must assess the environmental effects of the disposal in the ocean of industrial and municipal wastes, including dredged materials, is determining whether given wastes elicit c...
Macrobenthic and meiobenthic communities of an area off the Belgian coast of the North Sea were studied from 1970 until 1975 at 74 stations. On the basis of both macro- and meiobenthos, three zones can be dist...
Increasingly programmes are being set up to monitor rocky-shore communities in order to provide baseline data which will indicate changes resulting from subsequent pollution. However, these efforts are complic...
Sublittoral hard bottom biocoenoses in Balsfjord, Norway (69°31′ N, 19°1′ E), were monitored using underwater stereophotogrammetry. The study includes manipulation of natural densities of organisms and testing...
Although logical compromise agreement between all the conflicting users of the sea seems the most obvious way to protect marine life, we have in practice mainly ad-hoc restrictions aimed at protecting habitats...
The microbial lysis of deep-sea nodules as a possible result of large-scale, deep-sea mining is considered. It is assumed that the Mn (IV) and Fe (III) compounds of the manganese nodules are reduced by the num...
The relative importance of thermal, mechanical and biocidal stresses to marine zooplankton entrained in cooling waters from coastal power-plant operations is dependent on specific features of power-plant desig...
The scale of waste discharges to the marine environment from the pulp and paper industry in various parts of the world is outlined and a brief description of the major characteristics of such wastes is given. ...
The majority of organic chemicals identified so far in the sea are pesticides and products of technical use; most contain chlorine. Only a limited amount of the actual pollutant load is detectable because few ...
Components of a xenobiotic detoxication/toxication system involving mixed function oxygenases are present inMytilus edulis. Our paper critically reviews the recent literature on this topic which reported the appa...
Microspectrofluorometric measurements are made to determine uptake and distribution of oil in marine organisms after exposure to crude oil. Equipment combining fluorescence microscopy with spectral analysis of...
Petroleum is composed of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that readily undergo chemical and biological conversions on entering aquatic environments. These conversions lead to the formation of a host of oxygen...
Scientific assessment of the complex environmental consequences of large spills of oil or other hazardous substances has stimulated development of improved strategies for rapid and valid collection and process...
A survey of zooplankton physiology on the northern coast of Brittany (France) was carried out over a one-year period by comparing two estuarine areas, one oil-polluted area (Aber Benoit) following the oil spil...
Distribution of hydrocarbons from the “Amoco Cadiz” oil spill in sublittoral sediments, north of Brittany. The quantitative distribution of hydrocarbons in the sublittoral sediments, north of Brittany (France), ...
Effects of the “Amoco Cadiz ” oil spill on the sublittoral benthos, north of Brittany. Effects of hydrocarbons on the sublittoral macrobenthic communities have been observed through (1) studies of population dyn...
Of all substances threatening life in the seas, oil has received by far the most attention from the public, administrators, politicians and scientists. The main reasons for this are: (1) even limited amounts o...
The present paper reports the results of experimental work undertaken using the brackish-water amphipodGammarus duebeni duebeni and the transuranium nuclide americium-241. Data on the accumulation of this actinid...
In a general sense, the main attraction of the marine environment as a repository for the wastes generated by human activities lies in the degree of dispersion and dilution which is readily attainable. However...
From approximately 1960 to 1975 the Ems estuary received several tons of mercury per year from a chlor-alkali plant, a pesticide factory and some minor sources. The discharge has been reduced drastically from ...
Effects and accumulation of cadmium were studied in unialgal 10-1 batch-culture experiments with the dinoflagellateProrocentrum micans Ehrenberg. Tests were made using sterile filtered North Sea water enriched wi...
InMytilus edulis, accumulation and loss of Cd were analyzed under experimental conditions. Cd uptake by the whole soft body is linear, increasing significantly with increasing Cd concentrations in the uptake medi...
The long-term effects of different cadmium (0.2 and 0.4 ppm) and salinity levels (30, 25, and 20 ‰ S) on growth and egg-mass production ofOphryotrocha labronica (La Greca & Bacci) were investigated over three gen...
Recent trends in the study of metal contamination in the sea are reviewed. Aspects of contamination which are considered include the input of metals to the sea and their deposition in the sediments, the influe...
The three syntopic blenniidsLipophrys canevai, L. adriaticus, andL. dalmatinus were investigated off Katarina Island near Rovinj, Yugoslavia, in regard to their habitats and food organisms. The shallow, sheltered...
Factors controlling the timing of reproduction in laboratory cultures of the polychaete Trposyllis prolifera.Typosyllis prolifera (Krohn) from Poreč (Yugoslavia) has been cultured for 12 successive generations. ...
Contributions to the mesozooplankton of the northern Wadden Sea of Sylt. From June 1975 to June 1976 temperature, salinity, mesozooplankton (>76 µm), phytoplankton and seston (dry weight, particulate organic car...
Shell-boring microthalli in Helminthocladia and Scinaia (Nemaliales, Rhodophyta). Spores shed from pink mussel shells were shown to develop into branched monosiphonous thalli, their filaments penetrating into sh...
The larval development ofPhoronis psammophila Cori is divided into 6 phases (on the basis of increasing pairs of larval tentacles); furthermore an initial and a ripe phase are distinguished. Specific aspects of t...
Pacific herringClupea harengus pallasi larvae were caught alive in Departure Bay, B.C., Canada, after being attracted towards light. Growth of larvae was observed during a 5-week period. Larval total length (meas...
Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) eggs fertilized in 20‰S and incubated in 5, 20 or 35‰ S at 5°C, some being cross-transferred between 5 and 35‰ S, 61.8 hr after fertilization, showed variable yolk and perivitelli...
Following previous investigations on a fringing reef in the Red Sea near Aqaba (Mergner & Schuhmacher, 1974; Mergner & Svoboda, 1977) this paper presents a quantitative analysis of the faunal and floral stock ...
Tisbe clodiensis andT. holothuriae females and males were maintained at different densities, from sexual maturity to the extrusion of the first egg sac, in order to study the effect of crowding on the number of ...
The role of meiofauna in the trophic web of marine ecosystems is a controversial topic. During an experimental study on tidal flats in the eastern part of the North Sea, potential predators on meiofauna were k...
Jassa falcata (Leach), an unselective suspension feeder, was cultivated in standing, unaerated finger bowls, feeding on a mixture ofBrachionus plicatilis, Scrippsiella faeroense, Ulva spec., and natural detritus...
A semi-automatic method for the extraction of soil nematodes (Oostenbrink, 1960) was modified for the separation of psammolittorine meiofauna from routine samples collected during a marine pollution monitoring...
The ultrastructure of the flagellar apparatus in the quadriflagellate zoospores ofUlva lactuca was examined. The two L-shaped pairs of basal bodies are arranged in mirror image relation. Two apical capping plates...
Underwater irradiance was measured at intervals of 20 min for one year at 2 water depths (2.5 and 3.5 m below M.L.W.S.) and in 3 spectral regions in the sublittoral region of the rocky island of Helgoland. Dat...
The adhesive systems ofNematoplana coelogynoporoides Meixner, which are almost indiscernible in live animals, were examined with scanning and transmission electron microscopes. There are conformities with the fin...
Balgetia pacifica nov. spec. from coarse sand beaches along the west coast of San Juan Island (Washington) is described and its taxonomy discussed. The species is characterized by its large bursal apparatus with...
The “Benthosgarten”, an enclosed area in the western Baltic Sea, is used for benthos ecology experiments. It consists of different kinds of sediment containers filled with “artificial” soft bottom. These conta...
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