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Ultrastructural observations on spermiogenesis and spermatozoa of selected pyramidellid gastropods (species ofTurbonilla, Pyrgulina, Cingulina andHinemoa) are presented. During spermatid developement, the condens...
This first part of this paper summarizes the descriptive biogeography of reef corals, with mention of other tropical marine organisms, in terms of present-day latitudinal and longitudinal patterns, and stratig...
DNA-DNA hybridizations between single-copy nuclear DNA fromLaminaria digitata and total DNA fromL. saccharina, L. Hyperborea, L. rodriguezii, L. ochroleuca andChorda filum, respectively, show that these species o...
Experimentally determined ranges of thermal tolerance and requirements for completion of the life history of some 60 seaweed species from the North Atlantic Ocean were compared with annual temperature regimes ...
The deep-water macroalgal community of the continental shelf off the east coast of Florida was sampled by lock-out divers from two research submersibles as part of the most detailed year-round study of a macro...
In a macrogeographic survey, the population genetic structure of mussels from various regions of the Baltic Sea, a large semi-enclosed brackish-water basin, was examined with reference toMytilus edulis andM. gall...
Shore crabsCarcinus maenas were exposed to salinities fluctuating according to the natural tidal rhythm. To this end they were maintained in net cages positioned in the estuarine waters of the river Elbe. The cag...
The structure of aHyperia galba population, and its seasonal fluctuations were studied in the waters of the German Bight around the island of Helgoland over a period of two years (1984 and 1985). A distinct seaso...
The ultrastructure of the mature spermatozoa of four polychaetes is described:Eulalia sp. (Phyllodocidae),Lepidonotus sp. (Polynoidae),Lumbrineris sp. (Lumbrineridae) andOwenia fusiformis (Oweniidae). All the spe...
Macrobenthic fauna and sediment structure were studied at 6 stations from June 1979 to April 1981. The investigations were carried out in the outer estuary of the River Elbe at depths of 15–38 m near a sewage ...
In February/March 1983 and 1984 a survey of pelagic fish eggs was conducted in the western Baltic (Kiel Bight), employing a horizontally towed plankton net (1 m Ø and 300 μm mesh). Maximum egg numbers in the u...
Sorocarpus Pringsh. is a later synonym forBotrytella Bory. Four species of the genus are known from northern European coasts. Three of them are found at Helgoland (North Sea), type locality of bothBotrytella uva...
Lead and cadmium concentrations were measured in the polychaetesNephtys hombergi andN. caeca, in the sea-urchinEchinocardium cordatum, and in the bivalveVenus striatula obtained from the Dogger Bank and the easte...
The life cycles of four amphipod species—Gammarus insensibilis, Dexamine spinosa, Microdeutopus gryllotalpa andCorophium insidiosum—were studied in the brackish-water lagoon Mazoma of the Amvrakikos Gulf, Ionian ...
A well defined pelagic population of the Northern krill,Meganyctiphanes norvegica was sampled annually at a specific location in the Skandinavian Kattegat, and the major biochemical components were measured. Prot...
Retinas of light and dark adapted post metamorphic American eelAnguilla rostrata were examined. The retinal epithelial pigment migrates vitreally in light and sclerally in darkness. Two layers of rods and a layer...
Sixteen cod,Gadus morhua (L.), were individually fed a single ration of shrimps,Crangon allmanni. Four fish were killed and examined 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after the fish had been fed. Chitinase activities were measu...
A large mussel bed occurs in one of the largest fjords in Kerguelen archipelago. In January 1986, seawater and bivalves were collected at four tidal levels to determine whether a specific heterotrophic bacteri...
The morphology of 75 bacteriophage strains isolated from water samples collected in the North Sea or in the northern Atlantic was studied by electron microscopy. Only tailed phages were observed (bradley group...
Genomic size and complexity were calculated for the pantropical chlorophyte,Dictyosphaeria cavernosa (Cladophorales). Genome characterization of the Hawaiian material by means of DNA renaturation studies showed h...
Intertidal algae experience aerial temperatures as well as those of ambient seawater and, during their periods of emergence, are subject to considerable variation in salinity. The eastern Atlantic distribution of
The red algaDelesseria sanguinea is strongly seasonal, producing gametangia in early tetrasporangia in mid- and new blades in late winter. A lamp was installed in the shallow subtidal off the Isle of Man, illumin...
The relationship between distribution boundaries and temperature responses of some North AtlanticCladophora species (Chlorophyta) was experimentally examined under various regimes of temperature, light and daylen...
Using the red algaPolyneura hilliae as an example, the minimum time taken for lethal temperature exposure, with no regeneration capacity left, was 2 weeks. Employing this exposure time, the upper temperature limi...
Fifteen geographical isolates ofScytosiphon lomentaria were investigated for their daylength response with regard to upright thallus formation, and nineteen isolates for their upper temperature tolerance. Six new...
The upper survival temperature for most isolates ofChondrus crispus from localities ranging from northern Norway and Iceland to Spain, and for an isolate from Nova Scotia, was 28 °C after 2 weeks of exposure to t...
Plants ofGigartina teedii from the mediterranean isolated into laboratory culture showedPolysiphonia-type life histories with consistent formation of dioecious gametangial plants, as previously reported for Atlan...
An overview of the biogeography of the benthic marine algae of the North Atlantic Ocean is presented. General and specific distribution patterns are discussed in the light of current knowledge of extant specie...
Indirect evidence of the existence of long-distance dispersal of seaweeds is provided by the fact that mid-oceanic islands of volcanic origin are inhabited by well-developed seaweed floras which could reach th...
Although the cool temperate (boreal) waters of the N. Pacific and N. Atlantic share many similar if not identical species, there have been few studies to test the identity of these species pairs. Whereas such ...
An overview of the primary approaches to seaweed biogeography is provided in light of the development of vicariance biogeography. Each approach is discussed with particular regard to the extent to which the me...
Hyperia galba Montagu is associated with gelatinous zooplankton as are many species of the Hyperiidea. The hosts preferred in the European seas are the large scyphomedusaeAurelia aurita, Chrysaora hysoscella, Rh...
Environmental conditions in salt marsh creeks are intermediate between the open tidal coast and estuaries. A large salt marsh creek at the island of Sylt (North Sea) was studied in order to test whether its fa...
Typhlopolycystis rubra, a new species of the taxon Polycystididae (Plathelminthes, Kalyptorhynchia), is described. The red species is characterized by copulatory hard structures which consist of a proximal girdl...
The marine flora of the transition region between the warm temperate south coast and sub-tropical east coast of southern Africa is very poorly documented. The seaweeds of Hluleka Nature Reserve, centrally plac...
Flagellar regeneration after experimental amputation was studied in synchronized axenic cultures of the scaly green flagellateTetraselmis striata (Prasinophyceae). After removal of flagella by mechanical shearing...
Live and dead cell counts of epipelic diatoms were analysed at 16 sites along a transect crossing a saltmarsh, sandflat, and mudflat at Berrow Flats, Somerset, U.K. Replicate monthly samples were taken from Ja...
Studies on the sexuality and the heteromorphous life cycle ofErythrotrichia ciliaris provided decisive criteria for the establishment of the genusErythrotrichopeltis (Kornmann, 1984). This genus was transferred b...
Mature females ofDesmodora schulzi Gerlach carry a massive sediment agglutination on the ventral side of their body. Males and juveniles are devoid of the agglutination. It is suggested that this structure, exhib...
During recent years, many investigations on small zoobenthos have been performed at the island of Sylt. As these studies were carried out sporadically over many years and as different extraction methods were u...
The benthic macrofauna of a tidal inlet in the northern Wadden Sea was sampled with grab and dredge in 1924–1926 (Hagmeier & Kändler, 1927), and again in 1985 and 1986. The comparison of surveys from consecuti...
Biomass (CHN), respiration rate and food uptake were estimated for the larval development ofElminius modestus at three temperatures (12, 18, 24°C). Mean values of dry weight, elemental composition and energy equi...
Barnacles of German coastal waters. An attempt is made to provide a guide for the identification of seven barnacle species occurring in German coastal waters of the western Baltic and the North Sea. Variations i...
Levels of PCBs, HCB and Hg were determined in the muscle tissue of flounder (Platichthys flesus L.), sampled at two sites of the highly industrialized Elbe estuary which is characterized by a decreasing gradient ...
The ultrastructure of the sperm of the dinophilidsTrilobodrilus axi andTrilobodrilus heideri was investigated. The sperms are extremely modified and show an elongated head, middle piece, and tail region, which ar...
Sargassum was collected during the Sargasso Sea Eel Expedition in Spring 1979. On average, the morphological form typeSargassum natans (I) made up 85 % of the total wet weight of the samples. South of the therma...
Not applicable