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The structural differentiation of the nuchal organs during the post-embryonic development ofPygospio elegans is described. The sensory organs are composed of two cell types: ciliated cells and bipolar primary sen...
The spionid polychaete speciesPolydora ligni, P. ciliata, andPygospio elegans were cultivated in the laboratory over several successive generations. A flow-through cultivation system forPolydora spp. is described...
Larvae ofElminius modestus (Darwin) from four different populations (Portobello, Leigh, Doubtless Bay [New Zealand] and Helgoland [North Sea]) were reared at different salinity and temperature combinations. The l...
APorphyropsis-like epiphytic specimen found in the harbour of Helgoland was grown in culture and proved to be identical with the JapanesePorphyra yezoensis. Life history studies on this economically important alg...
The study of the migration dynamics of glass eels(Anguilla anguilla) in a small estuary of the French Atlantic coast shows a two-stage sequence: (1) From November to March, the glass eels migrate upstream by usin...
The feeding appendages ofAlvinella pompejana obtained from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent environment are described. They are characterized by a ciliated groove, the cells of which have a very distinctive ultrastru...
The Bahía de Nenguange is one of the largest bays (5 km2) east of Santa Marta. The shore of the U-shaped bay is made up of steep slate rocks, interrupted by sandy beaches. The waters within the bay are rather sha...
The benthic harpacticoid copepodParamphiascella fulvofasciata Rosenfield & Coull was collected from holdfasts ofLaminaria hyperborea from a subtidal area of Helgoland (North Sea). All developmental stages ofP. fu...
Larvae of the shrimpsCrangon crangon L. andC. allmanni Kinahan were reared in the laboratory from hatching through metamorphosis. Effects of rearing methods (larval density, application of streptomycin, food) and...
Although supralittoral salt marshes are habitats of high environmental instability, the meiofauna is rich in species and abundance is high. The community structure of free-living Plathelminthes (Turbellaria) i...
Acinetospora crinita from the Mediterranean Sea has been studied in laboratory cultures. The plants formed monospores and unilocular sporangia. Both monospores and zoids from unilocular sporangia developed to ne...
Euspermatozoa and paraspermatozoa ofCampanile symbolicum Iredale, 1917 — a large, relict cerithiacean from Western Australia — have been examined using transmission electron microscopy and phase-contrast light mi...
Using transmission electron microscopy, paraspermatozoa of representative species of the families Cerithiidae, Potamididae, Planaxidae, Dialidae and the genusAustralaba (family position uncertain) have been exami...
When isolated gills of the shore crabCarcinus maenas were bathed and perfused with identical solutions on both sides (50 % sea water), a spontaneous transepithelial potential difference (PD) of some millivolts (h...
Isolated posterior gills of shore crabs,Carcinus maenas, previously acclimated for at least 1 month to brackish water of 10 ‰ S, were connected with an artificial hemolymph circulation by means of thin polyethyle...
Extensive sampling of benthos by F.R.V. “Walther Herwig” (1966, 1970/71, 1978) covering the continental shelf of Argentina yielded some 1000 sea anemone specimens (19 species). The distribution patterns of the...
Effects of various treatments on prey capture, prey ingestion and ingestion time of individualArtemia salina nauplii by the sea anemoneAiptasia pallida Verrill were studied in the laboratory. Exposure to crudeArt...
A sulfurous brine seep at the East Flower Garden Bank, northwest Gulf of Mexico, produces conditions conducive to the growth of a luxuriant prokaryotic biota. Hydrodynamic cropping continually harvests this bi...
The macrofauna and its distribution in the sheltered, rocky intertidal zone of Helgoland (North Sea) was studied at 9 vertically and/or morphologically different stations from March to September in 1984. Seaso...
Dictyosiphon foeniculaceus from Sweden and Newfoundland was studied in laboratory culture. Zoids from unilocular sporangia developed into dioecious microscopic filamentous gametophytes which produced uniseriate ...
Quantitative studies of coral communities in the central and northern Red Sea were designed for comparison of the community structure in both areas. The central Red Sea provides reef-building Scleractinia and ...
The Sanganeb-Atoll off Port Sudan is an elongate annular reef which rests on a probably raised block in the fracture zone along the Red Sea-graben. Its gross morphology was most likely formed by subaerial eros...
After a period of food deprivation,Ligia italica were refed for 2 days with different diets and their midgut glands were examined under the electron microscope with special reference to the large cells. The predo...
Some lower food web organisms from the marine littoral environment were studied as food for harpacticoid copepods. In laboratory experiments, it could be shown that, among the ciliates, the slow-movingUronema sp....
Early developmental stages of theAnemonia germ are characterized by asynchronously dividing nuclei and an extreme delay of blastomere differentiation. The nuclei migrate to the periphery, whereas nutritive substa...
The Talitridae, well-known for their jumping behaviour, swim with help of the tail-flip. This movement of the abdomen is also known from other amphipods like the Gammaridae which are normally not able to move ...
In three intertidal sand bottom communities of the “Königshafen” (Island of Sylt, North Sea), the biomass production and respiration of phytobenthos, phytoplankton, macrozoobenthos, and in situ community metab...
The choanocyte chambers of the marine spongeReniera sp. protrude with their curved outer surface free into the incurrent canals. The water is sucked into the chambers by cavities between the choanocytes. Particle...
Ensis directus (Conrad), a bivalve found in Europe only in the past few years, has filled an empty niche and spread rapidly over the intertidal flats in the Wadden Sea. The growth of the animals was investigated...
The threeAstarte species were studied in June 1983 at two sites in Kiel Bay, “Süderfahrt” and “Schleimünde”, at 20 m depth. Shell length to live wet weight correlations are given for all three species; forA. elli...
Growth experiments confirm that production by a bed of blue mussels(Mytilus edulis) may be controlled by tidal current speed through its effect on seston supply. The mechanism of this effect involves a downstream...
Ontogenesis and reproduction of the Helgolandian taxa of the Erythropeltidaceae have been studied. In all species monospores are only produced from differentiated sporangia. FilamentousConchocelis-like stages hav...
Temperature dependent growth rates ofPhaeocystis pouchetii (Haptophyceae) were investigated in 5–1 batch cultures. The algae had been isolated from the German Wadden Sea area off Sylt. Microscopic cell counts and...
This investigation is concerned with the natural variations in aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity of flounder (Platichthys flesus L.) throughout the year. A general trend towards higher activity in males...
Populations ofLittorina mariae, L. obtusata andL. saxatilis from the coast near Roscoff (Brittany), from the North Sea islands Helgoland and Sylt were investigated with regard to several characters of their repro...
The life cycle ofTripedalia cystophora includes a sessile saclike polyp — the asexual reproducing form — and a pelagic tetraradial medusa — the sexually reproducing generation. Medusan development can be induced ...
The settlement of pedal stolons of scyphopolyps ofAurelia aurita Lamarck could be induced by addition of a species of bacteria from the family Micrococcaceae. After treatment of the bacteria with several organic ...
Effects of feeding and starvation on the moult cycle and on the ultrastructure of hepatopancreas cells were studied in Stage I lobster larvae (Homarus americanus Milne-Edwards). The relative significance of yolk ...
Magnetic orientation of European silver eels(Anguilla anguilla) was tested in an octagonal tank. Orientation was determined from photo-registrations of eel positions in tests performed alternately in the natural ...
Genotypes atLDH-3 (lactate dehydrogenase) andPGI-1 (phosphoglucoisomerase) in 263 0-group specimens of Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua) caught in Trondheimsfjorden, Norway, in fall 1983 showed significantly different s...
A total of 262 specimens (0-, and 1-group) of Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua) representing 4 different yearclasses were caught in Trondheimsfjorden, Norway, during 1977–1984. They were genotyped by agar gel electropho...
The dye Lucifer yellow CH was iontophoresed into recently fertilized eggs and early blastomeres ofHydractinia echinata. Iontophoresis was carried out on the stage of an inverted microscope in order to follow fill...
Respiration, ammonia and phosphate excretion experiments were performed with planula larvae ofAurelia aurita (Scyphozoa) from Kiel Fjord, Baltic Sea, in summer 1983. The mean respiration measured was 3.22 nl O2 i...
Unsettled stoloniferous scyphopolyps ofAurelia aurita Lamarck were offered different substrates for settlement under defined conditions. On addition of different biogenic and abiotic substrates, a pure strain of ...
Following the accident in 1977 at an offshore oil producing platform in the Ekofisk oil field (North Sea) an estimated amount of 13000–15000 tons of oil polluted the sea. Microbiological investigations were co...
Structural effects of bottom and surface water samples from two dumping grounds in the inner German Bight on the development of three meroplanktonic organisms(Pomatoceros triqueter: Polychaeta,Psammechinus miliar...
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